| Common Retinal Disorders
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Clinic at Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute provides complete care for diabetic patients. It involves routine screening of diabetics to detect retinopathy. If detected early, patients can be managed medically by OCT, FFA and laser treatment, thereby preventing further decrease in vision. Patients presenting at a later stage with decreased vision due to vitreous hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment require vitrectomy.
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Macular Diseases
Macula is the most sensitive area of the retina responsible for central vision, reading vision and color vision. The macula clinic deals with conditions like macular hole,epiretinal membranes, cystoid macular odema, age related macular degenerations etc.
Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)
It is the leading cause of irreversible central visual loss in elderly patients. It is of two types Dry ARMD and Wet ARMD.Wet or Exudative form is characterized by leakage of fluid and blood into and under the retina from abnormal blood vessels which develop from beneath the retina called Choroidal Neovascularisation leading to sudden decrease in vision. O C T and FFA is essential to confirm the diagnosis and to plan treatment.It warrants immediate treatment by PDT or in combination with anti VEGF injections,to preserve vision.
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Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a procedure in which a light sensitive dye is injected into the forearm and a special laser is applied to the Choroidal neovascular membrane for 83 seconds to destroy it.
Macular Hole : It is a full thickness defect or a hole formation in the most important part of the eye (macula) which causes impairment of central vision.
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Treatment : Macular hole can be treated successfully with surgery (Pars Plana Vitrectomy with ILM peeling with gas tamponade)
Epiretinal Membrane
Formation of membranes over the macula causing puckering of the retina.Patient complains of distorted vision.( straight objects appearing wavy or curved).
Treatment : Pars Plana Vitrectomy with ERM removal.
Retinal Vascular Disorders
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Hypertensive Retinopathy refers to the changes in the retina and its blood vessels due to long standing Hypertension. The changes include narrowing of arterioles, thickening of vessels walls and leakage, which may lead to significant decrease in vision. Adequate control of blood pressure can reverse these changes and prevent further visual loss. Periodic eye check up is also important to detect evidence of retinopathy at the earliest and to institute timely treatment.
Retinal Venous Occlusions
Retinal venous occlusions can involve the central retinal vein or any of its tributaries. Occlusion of retinal vein leads to the leakage of blood and fluid into the retina resulting in symptoms like decreased or distorted vision, black spots, and floaters. Fundus Flourescien Angiography is performed to detect the extent of occlusion and to detect macular odema ,ischemia and signs of neovascularization. Laser photocoagulation is done to prevent further bleeding, thus maintaining existing vision. Most important is treatment of causative factor, if any. eg: Treatment of hypertension, cholesterol or blood dyscrasias.
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